Professor Steven Kyle actually wrote this post, not me. I was editing it, and then posted it for him - forgetting that, duh, it would post under my name! Sorry about that. I'm really not this smart. (Clearly)
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Yet another of many reasons to do financial reform now.
There has been a lot of vague angst lately about the lack of progress in reforming the financial sector. The most visible symptom of the need for reform has been the return to obscenely large pay packages for those lucky enough to find themselves at the top of investment banks like Goldman Sachs. Huge pay packages can also be found elsewhere in the US corporate world, with the pay of CEO’s often exceeding that of the lowest paid workers by factors of two or three hundred, or even more. Compare that with European companies (or US companies a few decades ago), where multiples from top to bottom rarely exceed 50.
There is an obvious public policy reason not to want to allow this to go on. These guys almost ran our economy into the abyss and should suffer personally so that they have a good reason never ever to take such risks again. Back in the Great Depression, the management of failed banks could be found selling apples on corners, or committing suicide, because they couldn’t face the reality of total failure and destitution.
While nobody is suggesting suicide for today’s CEOs, if they don’t feel personal pain as a result of their insanely dangerous risk taking, what’s to stop them from doing the same thing again? Worse, it is actually a great idea, from the perspective of the CEOs, to do it again because if their insane risk taking pays off, they win big and can cart off millions of dollars to their personal accounts. And if the risks don’t pan out, they STILL get to cart off millions to their personal accounts, this time at taxpayer expense -- but hey, what the hell, once it is in their personal account who cares where it came from?
This sort of thing isn’t just bad from a risk/incentive point of view. It is also bad for our “social compact” – a shared belief in the way our system works. How many workers can look at what happens in corporate boardrooms and conclude that it is anything but rigged? If this sort of feeling becomes widespread – if people start believing that the system can’t be trusted – they will start to refuse to play by the rules, something which will affect all of us as the engine of growth and wealth starts winding down.
Apologists and pundits will claim that these CEO’s are just getting paid in proportion to the “added value” they brought to their corporation, which always seems to be measured in terms of the price of the company’s stock. What rot. Apart from the obvious objection that they kept right on getting paid huge amounts even when stock prices went down, why on earth should anyone assume that it is only management that gets to cart off added value (if such “value” were actually more than a transitory illusion)? If the chairman of Goldman Sachs got hit by a bus tomorrow, does anyone think that their earnings would go down by $300 million this year (or whatever his obscene pay package turns out to be)?
Seriously, that logic should be applied to this problem all the time. It is what we economists call “marginal analysis”. Corporate apologists like to pretend that we should focus on the added value that the accountants recorded after a CEO got installed. But it is equally defensible from an economic point of view to ask the question in reverse – What percent of stock value would be lost if we fired that top guy? I would say, “Not much.”
And while we’re at it, lets also fire the accountants since all that “added value” they recorded seems to have been a figment of their imaginations. Not only that, but some of those guys were actually corrupt – they purposely inflated the value of companies they were evaluating (see Enron for a great example). In fact, why anyone in their right mind would want to pay Moody’s or Standard & Poor’s a single dime to rate companies on financial viability is a mystery. They were rating companies as investment grade last year just days before those same companies collapsed.
My answer to all of this? Let’s go ahead and fire some CEO’s. Or at a minimum, let’s go ahead and cut their pay. If that makes them decide to quit, then good riddance. Hey, I am personally available to run General Motors! I would be happy to run it into bankruptcy for a mere $1 million! That is far cheaper than what their actual CEO’s charged to run it into bankruptcy. Think of the added value for their creditors that would result from Steve Kyle accepting a mere million for the job!
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