From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
August 13 is the 225th day of the year (226th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 140 days remaining until the end of the year.
[edit] Events
- 3114 BC – According to the Lounsbury correlation, the start of the Maya calendar.
- 1516 – The Treaty of Noyon between France and Spain is signed. Francis I of France recognises Charles's claim to Naples, and Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, recognises Francis's claim to Milan.
- 1521 – Tenochtitlán (present day Mexico City) falls to conquistador Hernán Cortés.
- 1536 – Buddhist monks from Kyōto's Enryaku-ji temple set fire to 21 Nichiren temples throughout in what will be known as the Tenbun Hokke Disturbance. (Traditional Japanese date: July 27, 1536).
- 1553 – Michael Servetus is arrested by John Calvin in Geneva as a heretic.
- 1704 – War of the Spanish Succession: Battle of Blenheim – English and Austrian forces are victorious over French and Bavarian troops.
- 1792 – King Louis XVI of France is formally arrested by the National Tribunal, and declared an enemy of the people.
- 1806 – Battle of Mišar during the Serbian revolution begins. The battle will end two days later, with a decisive Serbian victory over the Ottomans.
- 1814 – The Convention of London, a treaty between the United Kingdom and the United Provinces, is signed in London.
- 1831 – Nat Turner sees a solar eclipse, which he believes is a sign from God. Eight days later he and 70 other slaves kill approximately 55 whites in Southampton County, Virginia.
- 1868 – A massive earthquake near Arica, Peru, causes an estimated 25,000 casualties, and the subsequent tsunami causes considerable damage as far away as Hawaii and New Zealand.
- 1898 – Spanish–American War: Spanish and American forces engaged in a mock battle for Manila, after which the Spanish commander surrendered in order to keep the city out of Filipino rebel hands.
- 1898 – Carl Gustav Witt discovers 433 Eros, the first near-Earth asteroid to be found.
- 1906 – The all black infantrymen of the U.S. Army's 25th Infantry Regiment are accused of killing a white bartender and wounding a white police officer in Brownsville, Texas, despite exculpatory evidence; all are later dishonorably discharged.
- 1913 – Otto Witte, an acrobat, is purportedly crowned King of Albania.
- 1913 – First production in the UK of stainless steel by Harry Brearley.
- 1918 – Women enlist in the United States Marine Corps for the first time. Opha Mae Johnson is the first woman to enlist.
- 1918 – Bayerische Motoren Werke AG (BMW) established as a public company in Germany.
- 1920 – Polish-Soviet War: the Battle of Warsaw begins and will last till August 25. The Red Army is defeated.
- 1937 – The Battle of Shanghai begins.
- 1942 – Major General Eugene Reybold of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers authorizes the construction of facilities that would house the "Development of Substitute Materials" project, better known as the Manhattan Project.
- 1954 – Radio Pakistan broadcasts the "Qaumī Tarāna", the national anthem of Pakistan for the first time.
- 1960 – The Central African Republic declares independence from France.
- 1961 – The German Democratic Republic closes the border between the eastern and western sectors of Berlin to thwart its inhabitants' attempts to escape to the West.
- 1962 – Representatives from the Russian Orthodox Church and the Holy See meet in Metz, France, and come to an agreement wherein the Russian church would send observers to the Second Vatican Council and in exchange, the Roman Catholic Church would refuse to condemn Communism.
- 1968 – Alexandros Panagoulis attempts to assassinate the Greek dictator Colonel Georgios Papadopoulos in Varkiza, Athens.
- 1969 – The Apollo 11 astronauts are released from a three-week quarantine to enjoy a ticker-tape parade in New York. That evening, at a state dinner in Los Angeles, they are awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by U.S. President Richard Nixon.
- 1977 – Members of the British National Front (NF) clash with anti-NF demonstrators in Lewisham, London, resulting in 214 arrests and at least 111 injuries.
- 1978 – 150 Palestinians in Beirut are killed in a terrorist attack during the second phase of the Lebanese Civil War.
- 1979 – The roof of the uncompleted Rosemont Horizon near Chicago, Illinois collapses, killing 5 workers and injuring 16.
- 2004 – Hurricane Charley, a Category 4 storm, strikes Punta Gorda, Florida and devastates the surrounding area.
- 2004 – 156 Congolese Tutsi refugees are massacred at the Gatumba refugee camp in Burundi.
- 2008 – South Ossetian War: Russian units occupy the Georgian city of Gori.
- 2011 – The main stage collapses at the Indiana State Fair in Indianapolis during a hurricane-force wind gust ahead of an approaching severe thunderstorm, killing 7 and injuring 45.
[edit] Births
- 582 – Arnulf of Metz, French bishop and saint (d. 640)
- 1311 – King Alfonso XI of Castile and Leon (d. 1350)
- 1584 – Theophilus Howard, 2nd Earl of Suffolk, English politician (d. 1640)
- 1625 – Rasmus Bartholin, Danish physician, mathematician and physicist (d. 1698)
- 1662 – Charles Seymour, 6th Duke of Somerset, English politician (d. 1748)
- 1666 – William Wotton, English scholar (d. 1727)
- 1700 – Heinrich, count von Brühl, German statesman (d. 1763)
- 1717 – Louis François I, Prince of Conti, French military leader (d. 1776)
- 1752 – Maria Carolina of Austria, queen consort of Naples and Sicily, wife of King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies (d. 1814)
- 1764 – Louis Baraguey d'Hilliers, French general (d. 1816)
- 1790 – William Wentworth, Australian explorer and politician (d. 1872)
- 1792 – Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen, queen consort of the United Kingdom, wife of King William IV of the United Kingdom (d. 1849)
- 1803 – Vladimir Odoevsky, Russian philosopher and writer (d. 1869)
- 1814 – Anders Jonas Ångström, Swedish physicist (d. 1874)
- 1818 – Lucy Stone, American suffragette (d. 1893)
- 1819 – George Gabriel Stokes, Irish physicist (d. 1903)
- 1820 – Sir George Grove, English music historian (d. 1900)
- 1823 – Goldwin Smith, English-born Canadian historian and journalist (d. 1910)
- 1841 – Johnny Mullagh, Australian cricketer (d. 1891)
- 1851 – Felix Adler, German-born American educator (d. 1933)
- 1860 – Annie Oakley, American sharpshooter (d. 1926)
- 1866 – Giovanni Agnelli, Italian industrialist, founder of Fiat (d. 1945)
- 1872 – Richard Willstätter, German chemist, Nobel Laureate (d. 1942)
- 1879 – John Ireland, English composer (d. 1962)
- 1884 – Harry Dean, English cricketer (d. 1957)
- 1887 – Julius Freed, American inventor and banker (d. 1952)
- 1888 – John Logie Baird, Scottish television pioneer (d. 1946)
- 1888 – Gleb W. Derujinsky, Russian sculptor (d. 1975)
- 1889 – Camillien Houde, Quebec politician, mayor of Montreal (d. 1958)
- 1890 – Ellen Osiier, Danish fencer (d. 1962)
- 1895 – István Barta, Hungarian water polo player (d. 1948)
- 1895 – Bert Lahr, American actor (d. 1967)
- 1899 – Alfred Hitchcock, English film director (d. 1980)
- 1902 – Felix Wankel, German engineer and inventor (d. 1988)
- 1904 – Charles 'Buddy' Rogers, American actor (d. 1999)
- 1906 – Miklós Borsos, Hungarian sculptor (d. 1990)
- 1907 – Sir Basil Spence, Scottish architect (d. 1976)
- 1908 – Gene Raymond, American actor (d. 1998)
- 1911 – William Bernbach, American advertiser, co-founder of Dyle, Dane, and Bernbach (now DDB) (d. 1982)
- 1912 – Ben Hogan, American golfer (d. 1997)
- 1912 – Salvador Luria, Italian-born American microbiologist, Nobel Laureate (d. 1991)
- 1913 – Fred Davis, English snooker player (d. 1998)
- 1913 – Makarios III, Archbishop and first President of Cyprus (d. 1977)
- 1914 – Luis Mariano, Basque operetta singer (d. 1970)
- 1917 – Sid Gordon, American baseball player (d. 1975)
- 1918 – Frederick Sanger, English chemist, two-time Nobel Laureate
- 1919 – Rex Humbard, American television evangelist (d. 2007)
- 1919 – Sir George Shearing, British jazz pianist (d. 2011)
- 1920 – Neville Brand, American actor (d. 1992)
- 1925 – Benny Bailey, American bebop and hard-bop jazz trumpeter
- 1926 – Fidel Castro, Cuban revolutionary and politician
- 1929 – Pat Harrington, Jr., American actor
- 1930 – Wilfried Hilker, German football referee
- 1930 – Don Ho, American vocalist and pianist (d. 2007)
- 1930 – Bernard Manning, English comedian (d. 2007)
- 1930 – Wilmer David Mizell, American baseball player (d. 1999)
- 1933 – Joycelyn Elders, American physician, 15th Surgeon General of the United States
- 1935 – Mudcat Grant, American baseball player
- 1935 – Rod Hull, British television entertainer (d. 1999)
- 1938 – Dave "Baby" Cortez, American pop keyboardist
- 1940 – Bill Musselman, American basketball head coach (d. 2000)
- 1941 – Erin Fleming, Canadian actress (d. 2003)
- 1943 – Michael Willetts, English George Cross recipient (d. 1971)
- 1944 – Divina Galica, British athlete and racing driver
- 1944 – Kevin Tighe, American actor
- 1945 – Lars Engqvist, Swedish politician
- 1945 – Robin Jackman, England cricketer
- 1947 – Fred Stanley, American baseball player
- 1947 – John Stocker, Canadian voice actor
- 1947 – Margareta Winberg, Swedish politician
- 1948 – Kathleen Battle, American soprano
- 1948 – Scott Powell, founding member of Sha Na Na
- 1949 – Bobby Clarke, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1949 – Philippe Petit, French high wire artist
- 1949 – Jim Brunzell, American professional wrestler
- 1951 – Dan Fogelberg, American singer-songwriter (d. 2007)
- 1952 – Dave Carter, American folksinger (d. 2002)
- 1952 – Herb Ritts, American photographer (d. 2002)
- 1952 – Hughie Thomasson, American guitarist (Outlaws, Lynyrd Skynyrd) (d. 2007)
- 1954 – Nico Assumpção, Brazilian bass player (d. 2001)
- 1955 – Keith Ahlers, British racing driver
- 1955 – Hideo Fukuyama, Japanese racing driver
- 1955 – Paul Greengrass, English film director
- 1958 – David Feherty, Northern Irish golfer
- 1958 – Feargal Sharkey, Northern Irish vocalist (The Undertones)
- 1958 – Randall "Randy" Shughart, American Medal of Honor recipient (d. 1993)
- 1959 – Danny Bonaduce, American actor
- 1959 – Michael Bradley, bassist and radio producer
- 1959 – Tom Niedenfuer, American baseball player
- 1959 – Bruce French, England cricketer
- 1960 – Phil Taylor, English darts player
- 1960 – Koji Kondo, Japanese composer
- 1961 – Christos Christodoulou, Greek basketball player
- 1961 – Dawnn Lewis, American actress
- 1961 – Neil Mallender, England cricketer
- 1961 – Stuart Maconie, English music writer and broadcaster
- 1961 – Tom Perrotta, American novelist
- 1961 – Sunil Shetty, Indian actor and producer
- 1961 – Cary Stayner, American serial killer
- 1962 – Thanos Kalliris, Greek singer
- 1962 – John Slattery, American actor
- 1963 – Sridevi, Indian actress
- 1964 – Jay Buhner, American baseball player
- 1964 – Hank Cheyne, American actor
- 1964 – Debi Mazar, American actress
- 1965 – Mark Lemke, American baseball player
- 1965 – Hayato Matsuo, Japanese composer
- 1966 – Shayne Corson, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1966 – Sean Hood, American screenwriter
- 1967 – Amélie Nothomb, Belgian writer
- 1967 – Quinn Cummings, American actress
- 1969 – Midori Ito, Japanese figure skater
- 1970 – Will Clarke, American novelist
- 1970 – Elvis Grbac, American football player
- 1970 – Matt Hyson, American professional wrestler
- 1970 – Alan Shearer, English footballer
- 1971 – Moritz Bleibtreu, German actor
- 1971 – Patrick Carpentier, Quebec racing driver
- 1971 – Heike Makatsch, German actress
- 1971 – Rolando Molina, Salvadoran-born American actor
- 1972 – Kevin Plank, American entrepreneur (Under Armour)
- 1972 – John Safran, Australian television presenter
- 1972 – Michael Sinterniklaas, French American actor
- 1973 – Brittany Andrews, American pornographic actress
- 1973 – Molly Henneberg, American journalist
- 1973 – Eric Medlen, American drag racer and rodeo star (d. 2007)
- 1974 – Jarrod Washburn, American baseball player
- 1974 – Sam Endicott, American singer (The Bravery)
- 1975 – Shoaib Akhtar, Pakistani cricketer
- 1975 – James Carpinello, American actor
- 1975 – Joe Perry, English snooker player
- 1975 – Marty Turco, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1976 – Jody Thompson, Canadian actress
- 1977 – Michael Klim, Australian swimmer
- 1979 – Román Colón, Dominican baseball player
- 1979 – Corey Patterson, American baseball player
- 1979 – Taizō Sugimura, Japanese politician
- 1980 – Panagiotis Markouizos, Greek figure skater
- 1982 – Shani Davis, American speed skater
- 1982 – Kalenna Harper, American singer-songwriter (Dirty Money)
- 1983 – Ales Hemsky, Czech ice hockey player
- 1983 – Sebastian Stan, Romanian-born American actor
- 1984 – Niko Kranjčar, Croatian footballer
- 1984 – Boone Logan, American baseball player
- 1984 – James Morrison, British singer
- 1985 – Gerrit van Look, German rugby player and coach
- 1985 – Grega Bole, Slovenian cyclist
- 1990 – Shila, Malaysian pop singer-songwriter
- 1990 – mohammed fahad faleh AL-Qahtani
- 2000 – Piper Reese, American child reporter
[edit] Deaths
- 586 – Radegund, Frankish princess consort of King Chlothar I (b. c. 520)
- 900 – King Zwentibold of Lotharingia (b. 870)
- 1134 – Irene of Hungary, consort of Byzantine Emperor John II Komnenos (b. 1088)
- 1382 – Eleanor of Aragon, Queen of Castile, consort of King John I of Castile (b. 1358)
- 1523 – Gerard David, Flemish painter (b. c. 1460)
- 1617 – Johann Jakob Grynaeus, Swiss Protestant clergyman (b. 1540)
- 1667 – Jeremy Taylor, Irish prose writer and bishop (b. 1613)
- 1686 – Louis Maimbourg, French historian (b. 1610)
- 1721 – Jacques Lelong, French bibliographer (b. 1665)
- 1744 – John Cruger, Dutch-born American politician and 39th Mayor of New York City (b. 1678)
- 1749 – Johann Elias Schlegel, German critic and poet (b. 1719)
- 1755 – Francesco Durante, Italian composer (b. 1684)
- 1826 – René Laënnec, French physician (b. 1781)
- 1863 – Eugène Delacroix, French painter (b. 1798)
- 1865 – Ignaz Semmelweis, Austro-Hungarian physician (b. 1818)
- 1910 – Florence Nightingale, English nurse (b. 1820)
- 1912 – Jules Massenet, French composer (b. 1842)
- 1917 – Eduard Buchner, German chemist, Nobel Laureate (b. 1860)
- 1937 – Arthur Plunkett, Australian civil engineer (birth year unknown)
- 1946 – H. G. Wells, English writer (b. 1866)
- 1948 – Elaine Hammerstein, American actress (b. 1897)
- 1958 – Otto Witte, German acrobat and claimant to the Albanian throne (b. 1868)
- 1965 – Ikeda Hayato, Japanese politician (b. 1899)
- 1982 – Joe Tex, American singer and songwriter (b. 1933)
- 1984 – Tigran Petrosian, Soviet-Armenian chess player (b. 1929)
- 1986 – Way Bandy, American make-up artist (b. 1941)
- 1989 – Tim Richmond, American race car driver (b. 1955)
- 1989 – Larkin Smith, American politician (b. 1944)
- 1991 – Jack Ryan, American designer (Barbie) (b. 1926)
- 1995 – Jan Křesadlo, Czech writer (b. 1926)
- 1995 – Alison Hargreaves, British mountaineer (b. 1963)
- 1995 – Mickey Mantle, American baseball player (b. 1931)
- 1995 – Rob Slater, American mountaineer (b. 1960)
- 1996 – António de Spínola, Portuguese general and politician (b. 1910)
- 1996 – David Tudor, American pianist and composer (b. 1926)
- 1998 – Nino Ferrer, Italian-born French singer and composer (b. 1934)
- 1998 – Julien Green, American novelist (b. 1900)
- 1998 – Waneta Hoyt, American serial killer (b. 1946)
- 1999 – Jaime Garzón, Colombian journalist and comedian (b. 1960)
- 2000 – Nazia Hassan, Pakistani pop singer (b. 1965)
- 2001 – Otto Stuppacher, Austrian race car driver (b. 1947)
- 2003 – Ed Townsend, American songwriter and producer (b. 1929)
- 2004 – Julia Child, American chef and television personality (b. 1912)
- 2005 – David Lange, 32nd Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1942)
- 2006 – Tony Jay, English actor (b. 1933)
- 2006 – Jon Nödtveidt, Swedish vocalist (b. 1975)
- 2006 – Payao Poontarat, Thai boxer (b. 1957)
- 2007 – Brian Adams, American professional wrestler (b. 1964)
- 2007 – Brooke Astor, American philanthropist (b. 1902)
- 2007 – Yone Minagawa, Japanese supercentenarian (b. 1893)
- 2007 – Phil Rizzuto, American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1917)
- 2008 – Bill Gwatney, American political figure (b. 1959)
- 2008 – Dino Toso, American Formula 1 engineer (b. 1969)
- 2008 – Jack Weil, American businessman (b. 1901)
- 2008 – Sandy Allen, American tallest woman in the world (b. 1955)
- 2008 – Henri Cartan, French mathematician (b. 1904)
- 2009 – Les Paul, American guitarist, songwriter and inventor (b. 1915)
- 2010 – Panagiotis Bahramis, Greek footballer (b. 1976)
- 2010 – Lance Cade, American professional wrestler (b. 1981)
- 2010 – Edwin Newman, American broadcast journalist (b. 1919)
- 2011 – Topi Sorsakoski, Finnish musician (b. 1952)
[edit] Holidays and observances
[edit] External links
