1769
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This article is about the year 1769.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 17th century – 18th century – 19th century |
| Decades: | 1730s 1740s 1750s – 1760s – 1770s 1780s 1790s |
| Years: | 1766 1767 1768 – 1769 – 1770 1771 1772 |
| 1769 by topic: | |
| Arts and Sciences | |
| Archaeology – Architecture – Art – Literature (Poetry) – Music – Science | |
| Countries | |
| Canada – Great Britain – | |
| Lists of leaders | |
| Colonial governors – State leaders | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births – Deaths | |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
| Establishments – Disestablishments | |
| Works category | |
| Works | |
| Gregorian calendar | 1769 MDCCLXIX |
| Ab urbe condita | 2522 |
| Armenian calendar | 1218 ԹՎ ՌՄԺԸ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6519 |
| Bahá'í calendar | -75–-74 |
| Bengali calendar | 1176 |
| Berber calendar | 2719 |
| British Regnal year | 9 Geo. 3 – 10 Geo. 3 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2313 |
| Burmese calendar | 1131 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7277–7278 |
| Chinese calendar | 戊子年十一月廿四日 (4405/4465-11-24) — to —
己丑年十二月初四日(4406/4466-12-4) |
| Coptic calendar | 1485–1486 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1761–1762 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5529–5530 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1825–1826 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1691–1692 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4870–4871 |
| Holocene calendar | 11769 |
| Iranian calendar | 1147–1148 |
| Islamic calendar | 1182–1183 |
| Japanese calendar | Meiwa 6 (明和6年) |
| Korean calendar | 4102 |
| Minguo calendar | 143 before ROC 民前143年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2312 |
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: 1769 |
Year 1769 (MDCCLXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Thursday of the 11-day earlier Julian calendar.
[edit] Events
[edit] January–June
- March 16 – Louis Antoine de Bougainville returns to Saint-Malo following a three-year circumnavigation of the world with the ships La Boudeuse and Étoile, with the loss of only seven out of 330 men; among the returning crew is Jeanne Baré, the first woman known to have circumnavigated the globe.
- April 13 – James Cook arrives in Tahiti on the ship HM Bark Endeavour, preparing to observe the transit of the planet Venus, which takes place on June 3. After the voyage, the data is found to be inaccurate in determining the distance between the Sun and Earth.
- April 29 – James Watt is granted a patent for improvements to the steam engine, an invention which helps inaugurate the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain.
- May 9 – France conquers Corsica
- May 14 – Charles III of Spain sends Spanish missionaries, who found California missions in San Diego, Santa Barbara, San Francisco and Monterey and begin the settlement of California.
- May 19 – Pope Clement XIV succeeds Pope Clement XIII as the 249th pope.
- June 3 – (O.S.) A transit of Venus is followed five hours later by a total solar eclipse, the shortest such interval in the historical past. The transit is viewed by King George III of Great Britain at the Kew Observatory.
- June 7 – Frontiersman Daniel Boone first begins to explore the present-day Bluegrass State, Kentucky.
[edit] July–December
- July 16 – Father Junípero Serra founds Mission San Diego de Alcalá, the first of the 21 California missions.
- August 3 – The party of Gaspar de Portolà becomes the first white group to set foot in the area now known as Santa Monica, California.
- September – Massive droughts in Bengal, which lead to the Bengal famine of 1770 in which ten million people, a third of the population, will die, the worst natural disaster in human history (in terms of lives lost).
- September 6–September 9 – David Garrick holds the first Shakespeare Festival at Stratford-upon-Avon.
- September 10 – Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774): Russian forces take the Ottoman fortress of Chocim in Bukovina.
- October 7– James Cook lands in New Zealand at Poverty Bay.
- December 13 – Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire is established as John Wentworth, the Royal Governor, conveys a charter from King George III of England.
[edit] Date unknown
- Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot demonstrates a steam-powered artillery tractor (see drawing) in France.
- The Maharajah of Mysore forces the British to agree a treaty of mutual assistance in view of the famine, but the British East India Company increases its demands on the Bengali people to keep profits up.
- Richard Arkwright invents the spinning frame.
- The city of Brescia, Italy is devastated when the Church of San Nazaro, near Venice, is struck by lightning. The resulting fire ignites 200,000 lb (90,000 kg) of gunpowder being stored there, causing a massive explosion which destroys 1/6 of the city and kills 3,000 people. The disaster prompts the Roman Catholic Church to abandon their religious objection to using lightning rods to protect their property.[citation needed]
- Authorized King James Version of the Bible in the Oxford standard text edited by Benjamin Blayney.
[edit] Births
- January 10 – Michel Ney, French marshal (d. 1815)
- March 1 – François Séverin Marceau-Desgraviers, French general (d. 1796)
- March 4 – Muhammad Ali of Egypt, Egyptian ruler (d. 1849)
- March 10 – Joseph Williamson, English philanthropist and builder of the Williamson's tunnels (d. 1840)
- March 23 – William Smith, English geologist and cartographer (d. 1839)
- March 29 – Nicolas Jean de Dieu Soult, French marshal (d. 1851)
- April 3 – Christian Gunther von Bernstorff, Danish and Prussian statesman and diplomat (d. 1835)
- April 9 – Jakob Heinrich Laspeyres, German lepidopterist (d. 1809)
- April 11 – Jean Lannes, French marshal (d. 1809)
- April 13 – Thomas Lawrence, English painter (d. 1830)
- May 1 – Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, British general and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1852)
- May 6 – Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1824)
- June 18 – Viscount Castlereagh, British statesman, diplomat, and soldier (d. 1822)
- August 15 – Napoleon Bonaparte, Emperor of the French (d. 1821)
- September 14 – Karl Salomo Zachariae Von Lingenthal, German jurist (d. 1843)
- October 6 – Isaac Brock, British general and administrator (d. 1812)
- December 13 – James Scarlett Abinger, English judge (d. 1844)
- date unknown – James Dadford, English canal engineer
[edit] Deaths
- February 2 – Pope Clement XIII (b. 1693)
- March 28 – Johann Friedrich Endersch, cartographer (b. 1705)
- April 20 – Chief Pontiac, Ottawa chief (murdered) (b. c. 1719)
- June 1 – Edward Holyoke, American President of Harvard University (b. 1689)
- August 2 – Daniel Finch, 8th Earl of Winchilsea, English politician (b. 1689)
- August 29 – Edmond Hoyle, English game expert (b. 1672)
- September 22 – Antonio Genovesi, philosopher (b. 1712)
- November 23 – Constantine Mavrocordatos, Prince of Wallachia and Prince of Moldavia (b. 1711)
- November 27 – Kamo no Mabuchi, Japanese poet and philologist (b. 1697)
- December 13 – Christian Fürchtegott Gellert, German poet (b. 1715)
- December 30 – Nicholas Taaffe, 6th Viscount Taaffe, Austrian soldier (b. 1685)
- date unknown – Suremphaa – King of Assam
