March 3
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
March 3 is the 62nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (63rd in leap years). There are 303 days remaining.
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[change] Events
- 1284 – The Statute of Rhuddlan incorporates the Principality of Wales into England.
- 1575 – Mughal Emperor Akbar defeats a Bengali army at the Battle of Tukaroi.
- 1585 – The Olympic Theatre, designed by Andrea Palladio, is inaugurated in Vicenza, Italy.
- 1779 – American Revolutionary War: The Continental Army is routed (heavily beaten) at the Battle of Brier Creek.
- 1788 – Europen settlement begins on Norfolk Island.
- 1845 – Florida becomes the 27th State of the US.
- 1857 – Second Opium War: France and the United Kingdom declare war on China.
- 1861 – Tsar Alexander II of Russia signs the Emancipation Manifesto, freeing the Serfs.
- 1875 – Georges Bizet's opera Carmen receives its premiere at the Opera Comique in Paris.
- 1875 – The first-ever organised indoor ice hockey game is held in Montreal.
- 1878 – The Russo-Turkish War ends, as Bulgaria regains its independence from the Ottoman Empire.
- 1904 – Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany becomes the first ruler to make a sound recording of a political document, using the phonograph cylinder.
- 1905 – Tsar Nicholas II of Russia agrees to create an elected assembly, the Duma.
- 1915 – NACA, the predecessor of NASA, is founded.
- 1918 – World War I: Germany, Austria and Russia sign the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, ending Russia's involvement in the war.
- 1923 – TIME magazine is first published.
- 1924 – End of the Ottoman Empire.
- 1933 – Ching Yun University is established.
- 1938 – Oil is discovered in Saudi Arabia.
- 1939 – Mahatma Gandhi begins a fast (a period without eating) in protest against autocratic rule in British colonial India.
- 1942 – World War II: Ten Japanese war planes raid the town of Broome, in Western Australia, killing over 100 people.
- 1943 – World War II: In London, 173 people are killed in a crush while trying to enter the air-raid shelter at Bethnal Green tube station.
- 1945 – World War II: American and Filipino troops recapture Manila from Japanese forces.
- 1945 – A former Armia Krajowa unti massacres at least 150 Ukrainian civilians in Pawlokoma, Poland.
- 1945 – World War II: The Royal Air Force accidentally bombs the Bezuidenhout neighbourhood in The Hague, killing 511 people.
- 1953 – A Canadian PAcific Airlines Comet aircraft crashes in Karachi, Pakistan, killing 11 people.
- 1958 – Nuri as-Said becomes Prime Minister of Iraq for the 14th time.
- 1961 – Hassan II becomes King of Morocco.
- 1969 – Apollo programme: NASA launches Apollo 9 to test the lunar module.
- 1974 – Turkish Airlines Flight 981 crashes at Ermenonville, near Paris, killing all 346 people on board.
- 1978 – The body of movie actor Charles Chaplin is stolen from his grave in Switzerland.
- 1985 – Arthur Scargill announces the decision by the National Mineworkers Union to end the longest-running industrial dispute in the United Kingdom without a peace agreement over pit closures.
- 1985 – A magnitude 8.3 earthquake strikes the Valparaiso region of Chile, killing 177 people.
- 1991 – Referendum votes in both Estonia and Latvia show overwhelming support for independence from the Soviet Union.
- 1991 – United Airlines Flight 585 crashes at Colorado Springs, Colorado, killing 25 people on board.
- 1991 – Rodney King is hit and kicked by the Los Angeles police, which leads to big riots.
- 1992 – Kyrgyzstan starts to use its current flag.
- 1997 – The Sky Tower, the southern hemisphere's tallest free-standing structure at a height of 328 metres, opens in Auckland, New Zealand, following more than 2-and-a-half years of building work.
- 2002 – Switzerland votes to join the United Nations, breaking its long history of being neutral.
- 2002 – The Hindu Kush in Afghanistan is hit by a magnitude 7.4 earthquake, killing 166 people.
- 2005 – Steve Fossett becomes the first person to fly an airplane non-stop around the world without refuelling.
- 2009 – An armed attack targets the Sri Lanka national cricket team in Lahore, Pakistan.
- 2009 – The Historical Archives building in Cologne, Germany, collapses, killing 2 people. Many documents are either completely destroyed or badly damaged.
[change] Births
- 1455 – King John II of Portugal (d. 1495)
- 1778 – Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Queen of Hanover (d. 1841)
- 1800 – Heinrich Georg Bronn, German geologist (d. 1862)
- 1805 – Jonas Furrer, 1st President of the Swiss Confederation (d. 1861)
- 1823 – Gyula Andrassy, Hungarian regent (d. 1890)
- 1838 – George William Hill, American astronomer and mathematician (d. 1914)
- 1839 – Jamsetji Tata, Indian industrialist (d. 1904)
- 1845 – Georg Cantor, German mathematician (d. 1918)
- 1847 – Alexander Graham Bell, Scottish inventor (d. 1922)
- 1869 – Henry Joseph Wood, English conductor (d. 1944)
- 1869 – William M. Calder, United States Senator (d. 1945)
- 1871 – Maurice Garin, French cyclist (d. 1957)
- 1877 – Jon Thorlaksson, Prime Minister of Iceland (d. 1935)
- 1880 – Yosuke Matsuoka, Japanese politician (d. 1946)
- 1880 – Florence Auer, American actress (d. 1962)
- 1886 – Tore Orjasaeter, Norwegian poet (d. 1968)
- 1890 – Norman Bethune, Canadian doctor and humanitarian (d. 1939)
- 1891 – Damaskinos, Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1949)
- 1891 – Arthur Drewry, British FIFA President (d. 1961)
- 1893 – Beatrice Wood, American artist and ceramicist (d. 1998)
- 1895 – Ragnar Frisch, Norwegian economist (d. 1973)
- 1901 – Claude Choules, British World War I veteran and supercentenarian (d. 2011)
- 1914 – Asger Jorn, Danish painter (d. 1973)
- 1916 – Paul Halmos, Hungarian-American mathematician (d. 2006)
- 1918 – Arthur Kornberg, American biochemist (d. 2007)
- 1919 – Loki Schmidt, German environmentalist and wife of Helmut Schmidt (d. 2010)
- 1919 – Paul Abrahams, South African writer
- 1920 – Ronald Searle, British cartoonist (d. 2011)
- 1920 – Julius Boros, American golfer (d. 1994)
- 1920 – James Doohan, Canadian actor (d. 2005)
- 1922 – Nandor Hidegkuti, Hungarian footballer (d. 2002)
- 1924 – Tomiichi Murayama, Prime Minister of Japan
- 1924 – Lys Assia, Swiss singer and actress
- 1930 – Heiner Geissler, German politician
- 1930 – Ion Iliescu, former President of Romania
- 1933 – Lee Radziwill, American fashion executive
- 1935 – Zhelyu Zhelev, former President of Bulgaria
- 1935 – Michael Walzer, American philosopher
- 1947 – Oscar Tabarez, Uruguayan football manager
- 1948 – Snowy White, British guitarist
- 1953 – Zico, Brazilian footballer
- 1958 – Miranda Richardson, British actress
- 1958 – Bob Bradley, American soccer coach
- 1961 – Fatima Whitbread, British javelin thrower
- 1968 – Brian Cox, British physicist, television presenter and former musician
- 1970 – Inzamam ul-Haq, Pakistani cricketer
- 1971 – Charlie Brooker, British comedian, writer and broadcaster
- 1972 – Darren Anderton, English footballer
- 1977 – Ronan Keating, Irish singer
- 1979 – Alex Zane, British comedian
- 1981 – Lil' Flip, American rapper
- 1981 – Julius Malema, South African politician
- 1981 – Emmanuel Pappoe, Ghanaian footballer
- 1982 – Jessica Biel, American actress
- 1984 – Alexander Semin, Russian ice hockey player
- 1986 – Stacie Orrico, American singer
- 1988 – Michael Morrison, English footballer
[change] Deaths
- 1605 – Pope Clement VIII (b. 1536)
- 1606 – Nyaungyan Min, King of Burma (b. 1557)
- 1703 – Robert Hooke, English scientist (b. 1635)
- 1706 – Johann Pachelbel, German composer (b. 1653)
- 1707 – Aurangzeb, Mughal Emperor (b. 1618)
- 1792 – Robert Adam, Scottish architect (b. 1728)
- 1869 – William Lanney (King Billy), the last full blood aborigine in Tasmania.
- 1932 – Eugen d'Albert, German composer (b. 1864)
- 1945 – William M. Calder, United States Senator (b. 1869)
- 1953 – James J. Jeffries, American heavyweight boxer (b. 1875)
- 1959 – Lou Costello, American actor and comedian (d. 1906)
- 1961 – Paul Wittgenstein, Austrian-born pianist (b. 1887)
- 1966 – Joseph Fields, American playwright, director and producer (b. 1895)
- 1983 – Hergé, Belgian comics creator (b. 1907)
- 1987 – Danny Kaye, American actor, singer and comedian (b. 1913)
- 1993 – Albert Sabin, Polish-born medical researcher (b. 1906)
- 1995 – Howard Hunter, American religious leader (b. 1907)
- 1996 – Marguerite Durand, French writer (b. 1914)
- 1999 – Gerhard Herzberg, German-born Canadian chemist (b. 1904)
- 2003 – Horst Buchholz, German actor (b. 1933)
- 2005 – Rinus Michels, Dutch footballer and coach (b. 1928)
- 2008 – Giuseppe Di Stefano, Italian operatic tenor (b. 1921)
- 2010 – Keith Alexander, British footballer and coach (b. 1956)
- 2010 – Michael Foot, British politician (b. 1913)
- 2011 – Allan Louisy, Prime Minister of Saint Lucia (b. 1914)
- 2012 – Ralph McQuarrie, American conceptual designer and illustrator (b. 1929)
