Models that have grid spacing that is too wide to allow the explicit handling of convection
Parameterize convection.
- All have there own particular weaknesses.
- If the parameterization scheme is not vigorous enough, too much grid scale precipitation fall leading to erroneous latent heat feedback.
- Most schemes have problems handling outflow, therefore they have problems with the propagation effects caused by new convective cells forming along some flank of the original convection.