Periodic table

A representative element from the Periodic table showing the typical position of the atomic name, atomic symbol, atomic number, atomic weight, and electron configuration.

Periodic Table of Elements contains the currently identified chemical elements arranged based on their chemical properties. Elements have certain properties and tendencies to react that were found to repeat periodically when elements of increasing atomic masses were compared.

Each cell of the table contains a different element. The cells of most periodic tables contain the name and symbol of each element, the atomic number (the number of protons), and the atomic weight (average number of protons + neutrons). Some periodic tables will contain other information, such as the electron shell configuration of each element, or their state at room temperature (liquid, gas, or solid).

The electron configurations of atoms is the primarily determinant of their chemical reactivity, and particularly the outer-shell (or "valence") electrons. The elements in the periodic table are arranged into rows (known as groups or families) and columns (known as periods) based on how many shells of electrons the atoms possess, and the number of electron in outer-shell (valence electrons), respectively.

Periodic Table of Elements

Click on the chemical symbols below for more information on a specific element.

Group →	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
↓ Period
1	1 H																	2 He
2	3 Li	4 Be											5 B	6 C	7 N	8 O	9 F	10 Ne
3	11 Na	12 Mg											13 Al	14 Si	15 P	16 S	17 Cl	18 Ar
4	19 K	20 Ca	21 Sc	22 Ti	23 V	24 Cr	25 Mn	26 Fe	27 Co	28 Ni	29 Cu	30 Zn	31 Ga	32 Ge	33 As	34 Se	35 Br	36 Kr
5	37 Rb	38 Sr	39 Y	40 Zr	41 Nb	42 Mo	43 Tc	44 Ru	45 Rh	46 Pd	47 Ag	48 Cd	49 In	50 Sn	51 Sb	52 Te	53 I	54 Xe
6	55 Cs	56 Ba	*	72 Hf	73 Ta	74 W	75 Re	76 Os	77 Ir	78 Pt	79 Au	80 Hg	81 Tl	82 Pb	83 Bi	84 Po	85 At	86 Rn
7	87 Fr	88 Ra	**	104 Rf	105 Db	106 Sg	107 Bh	108 Hs	109 Mt	110 Ds	111 Rg	112 Cn	113 Uut	114 Fl	115 Uup	116 Lv	117 Uus	118 Uuo
* Lanthanides				57 La	58 Ce	59 Pr	60 Nd	61 Pm	62 Sm	63 Eu	64 Gd	65 Tb	66 Dy	67 Ho	68 Er	69 Tm	70 Yb	71 Lu
** Actinides				89 Ac	90 Th	91 Pa	92 U	93 Np	94 Pu	95 Am	96 Cm	97 Bk	98 Cf	99 Es	100 Fm	101 Md	102 No	103 Lr

Chemical series of the periodic table

Alkali metals2	Alkaline earth metals2	Lanthanides1,2	Actinides1,2	Transition metals2
Poor metals	Metalloids	Nonmetals	Halogens3	Noble gases3

• ¹Actinides and lanthanides are collectively known as "Rare Earth Metals".
• ²Alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, actinides, lanthanides, and poor metals are all collectively known as "Metals".
• ³Halogens and noble gases are also non-metals.

State at standard temperature and pressure

• those with atomic number in red are gases
• those with atomic number in blue are liquids
• those with atomic number in black are solid

Natural occurrence

• those with solid borders have isotopes that are older than the Earth (Primordial elements)
• those with dashed borders naturally arise from decay of other chemical elements and have no isotopes older than the earth
• those with dotted borders are made artificially (Synthetic elements)
• those without borders have not been discovered yet

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Periodic Table

References

• Periodic table by Wikipedia

See Also

• Periodic table predictive equation